Igitekerezo fatizo cy’icika

Impamvu imyumvire y’imyifatire yarokotse ibihe bya kera cyane itari iyoroheje kurusha izindi, ntibe n’iy’ubugome kurusha izindi.

Imiryango y’abantu ntiyihitiyemo imyumvire yayo y’isi nk’uhitamo ku rutonde rw’ibitangwa. Imiryango inkuru zayo zayisigaga nta kirwanisho yamizwe n’iyindi; imiryango inkuru zayo zemereraga abayigize kuryana nta rugero yarimaririye ubwayo. Ibyageze mu nyandiko z’amateka byari byaranyuze mu kayunguruzo k’izo ngufu zombi, ikaba ari yo mpamvu isobanura byinshi ku madini yaje nyuma.

Idini rya kiyahudi mu ntangiriro zaryo, umurongo w’ingoma zikurikirana, n’impamvu ingoma z’ibihangange zigomba gukomeza kurya kugira ngo zibeho.

Ubwoko buto bwo mu misozi bwamaze imyaka igihumbi butegekwa n’abandi: Ashuri, Babuloni, Ubuperesi, Abatolemayo, Abaseleyusidi, Roma. Muri ibyo havuyemo ubuvanganzo bw’idini bwibanda ku kuba mu maboko y’abanyamahanga, no muri Roma havamo ishusho isobanutse kurusha izindi zose zasigaye y’icyo ingoma y’igihangange iba iri koko: imashini y’ubusahuzi igomba gukomeza kwaguka kuko irya ibyo ifashe.

Umunyagalilaya wari mu maboko y’abakoloni, imyigaragambyo mu rusengero rwari rwarigaruriwe, n’igihano cya Roma cyagenewe abagometse ku butegetsi.

Iyo ukuyeho ibinyejana cumi n’icyenda bya tewolojiya y’ingoma, ibisigaye birasomeka: umubwiriza wo mu cyaro w’ubwami bwari bugengwa na Roma, utangaza ubwami butari ubwa Kayisari, wishwe na Leta mu buryo Roma yagenaga abagometse n’abacakara bahunze. Politiki iri muri uru rubanza si igitekerezo cya none twagerekaho inkomoko z’amakuru. Ni zo nkomoko ubwazo.

Uko ishami ry’abari mu mahanga ryatsinze, n’uko itorero rya Yeruzalemu ryayoborwaga na murumuna wa Yesu ryazimiye mu nyandiko z’amateka.

Intambara ya mbere ikomeye mu bukirisitu ntiyari iyerekeye Ubutatu. Yari iyerekeye niba abanyamahanga bahindukiye bagombaga kuba Abayahudi, inyuma yaho ikaba yari iyerekeye nyir’umuryango. Yakobo yatsinzwe apfuye; Yeruzalemu yatsinzwe isenywa; Pawulo yatsinze yandikira amabaruwa imigi Roma yari yarahuje. Hafi ya byose ubukirisitu bwaje kuba biva kuri iyo ndunduro.

Kuva ku gatsiko gatotezwa kugera ku rwego rw’ingoma mu bisekuruza bitatu.

Konsitantino ntiyahindukiriye ubukirisitu; ahubwo yabwinjije mu murimo w’ingoma ye. Mu myaka mirongo irindwi, umuryango w’inyeshyamba yo mu ntara yari yarishwe wari umaze gutangaza amategeko, gukoresha inama nkuru zatumizwaga n’abami b’ingoma, gushyira abepiskopi mu bakozi ba Leta, no kwerekeza imashini y’itoteza ku bataravugaga rumwe na wo. Tewolojiya yavuyemo yanditseho ibikumwe bya Leta yayigize iyayo.

Abagennye amavanjiri agomba kubarwa mu byanditswe byera, n’ibyo uruhande rwatsinzwe rwemeraga.

Mu binyejana bitatu nta Isezerano Rishya ryariho; hariho gusa amatsinda y’ibitabo ahanganye, ba Kristo bahanganye, n’imiryango ihanganye. Urutonde rw’ibyanditswe byemewe rwubatswe mu mpaka na Marukiyoni, Abavalentiniyani, Abebiyoniti, Abariyani n’Abadonatisiti, nyuma rugashimangirwa n’inama nkuru zatumizwaga n’abami b’ingoma zigashyirwa mu bikorwa n’ingabo. Abatsinze bahise basenya ibitabo by’abatsinzwe, ari yo mpamvu Nag Hammadi yabaye igitangaza gitunguranye.

Ibyanditswe byateranyijwe, imana yadozwe mu bice, kandi nta murongo n’umwe ubuza ubucakara.

Ubukirisitu ni ikintu cyateranyijwe: ibitekerezo by’imperuka byo muri Yudaya, filozofiya y’Abagiriki, ubuyobozi bwa Roma, nyuma n’amategeko y’i Burayi, bidozwe ku mirongo igaragara. Iki gice gifata iyo mirongo y’ubudozi nk’ikintu gikomeye: inkuru z’ivuka zivuguruzanya n’iz’izuka zivuguruzanya, ihimbwa ry’amagambo y’Ubutatu mu kinyejana cya kane, inyigisho y’umuriro utazima, hanyuma kikabaza ikibazo gikata: ni he, muri ibyo byose, ubucakara bubujijwe?

Inyandiko ya mbere y’i Burayi yashyize abantu mu byiciro hakurikijwe ibara ry’uruhu yari iyo kwiregura ku gitero cyo kunyaga abacakara, yatumijwe n’abategetsi.

Mu 1444 umwanditsi w’ibwami bwa Porutugali, Gomes Eanes de Zurara, yasobanuye igabana ry’imbohe 235 i Lagos, akaba yagombaga gusobanura impamvu byari bikwiriye. Igitekerezo cy’amoko ni cyo cyabaye igisubizo. Nticyateje ubucuruzi bw’abacakara bwambukaga Atalantika; cyahimbiwe kubukoresha, gihabwa umugisha n’inyandiko za Papa, gikomezwa mu mategeko y’abakoloni, kandi kuva icyo gihe ni cyo cyubatse urwego rw’ibyiciro by’abantu ku isi hose.

Ibyo abateye basanze, ibyo babikoze, n’ibyo ababayeho mu gihe kimwe na bo babavuzeho.

Igitabo cy’urugendo cya Kolombo ubwacyo cyanditse ubwoko bwatangaga ku bushake kandi butari bufite icyuma; inyandiko z’ubuyobozi bwe zanditse ibyo yabakoreye nyuma, kandi byaciriwe urubanza nk’ibyaha n’Abesipanyoli bo mu kinyejana cye. Mu majyaruguru, abimukira b’Abongereza bageze mu miryango yari ifite imirima yateguwe neza n’uburyo bwo kwigaburira byabatungaga ku murimo muke ugereranyije n’uwo Uburayi bwasabaga, maze babyandika ko ari ishyamba ritagira nyirayo.

Urwego ubukoloni butashoboraga kubaho butarufite ntirwari imbunda. Rwari misiyoni.

Kuva kuri Dum Diversas na Requerimiento kugera ku mashuri ya misiyoni yo mu karere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, ubukirisitu bwatanze inyigisho z’amategeko, uruhushya rw’umutimanama, abakozi, politiki y’ururimi, n’ishuri ubukoloni butashoboraga gukora budafite. Ibi si ikirego giturutse hanze y’ukwemera. Ni inyandiko amatorero ubwayo yabitse.

Impinduramatwara y’abacakara yonyine yagenze neza mu mateka yishyujwe ubwigenge bwayo bwite, iyishyura imyaka 122.

Saint-Domingue yari umutungo ukize kurusha iyindi yose y’Ubufaransa; abaturage bayo benshi bari mu bucakara basenye ubutegetsi bw’amashamba, batsinda urugamba rwa Napoleon, batangaza ubwigenge mu 1804. Igisubizo cy’isi cyabaye kubacisha ku ruhande, hanyuma kubasahura: miliyoni 150 z’amafaranga y’Ubufaransa zasabwe ku ngufu z’imbunda mu 1825 ngo zibe indishyi z’abari barabagize abacakara. Hayiti yagombaga guhindurwa urugero, kandi byarakozwe.

Ubufaransa bwahimbye ishyanga rifashe intwaro; ukwivumbura kuri byo kwahimbye amashyanga yari kuzabisubiza.

Itegeko ryo ku wa 23 Kanama 1793 ryashyize abaturage bose mu maboko y’intambara, rihindura icyo Leta ishobora gusaba umuntu. Napoleon yabihinduye uruganda. Prusiya, imaze gukozwa isoni i Jena, yabyiganye, kandi kugira ngo ibyigane byayisabye guhimba ubwoko bw’Abadage bwo gushyira mu gisirikare. Ubwenegihugu bwa none, ku ruhande runini, ni ibisigazwa by’ubuyobozi by’iryo siganwa ry’intwaro.

Uburezi bwa rubanda bwahuje ururimi, inkuru, n’abaturage bashobora guhamagarirwa icyarimwe.

Ivugurura rya Wilhelm von Humboldt ryibukirwa kaminuza y’ubushakashatsi n’intego yo kwiyubaka. Icyakwirakwiriye ku isi ni ikindi gice: inyigisho z’itegeko, zemezwa na Leta, zimwe mu gihugu cyose, zabyaraga abasirikare bazi gusoma, inkuru ihuriweho, n’akamenyero ko kumvira gahunda y’amasaha. Ishuri na levée en masse ni umushinga umwe.

Darwinisime y’imibereho ntiyari ugusobanura nabi ingoma y’igihangange. Yari uko ingoma yisobanuraga ubwayo.

Urwego rw’amoko, irushanwa ry’ibihugu no kubaho kw’ushoboye kurusha abandi byigishwaga mu mashuri amwe yatozaga abasirikare. Ibikorwa by’abakoloni (inkambi zo muri Cuba no muri Afurika y’Epfo, jenoside yakorewe Abaherero n’Abanama, imbunda irasa ku bwinshi i Omdurman) ni byo byari uruganda rw’igerageza. Mu 1914 no mu 1939, Uburayi bwikoresheje uburyo bwari bwaranonosoreje ku bandi bose.

Mu Gushyingo 1932 ishyaka ry’Abanazi ryari ritakaza amajwi kandi ridafite amafaranga. Nyamara ryahawe ubutegetsi.

Amajwi y’Abanazi yagabanutseho miliyoni ebyiri mu Gushyingo 1932, ishyaka ryari mu by’ukuri ryarahombye, kandi Hitler yari mu mimerere abari hafi ye bavugaga ko yenda kwiyahura. Ibyakurikiyeho ntibyari umwanzuro wikoresha w’ikibazo cy’ubukungu, ahubwo byari icyemezo cyafashwe n’abagabo bazwi mu mazina (Papen, Hugenberg, Schröder, ibikomerezwa by’inganda n’ubuhinzi) bamushyize imbere y’ibumoso. Abafunzwe ba mbere mu nkambi bari abakomunisiti n’abari mu masendika. Hafi nta n’umwe mu bagabo bafashe icyo cyemezo wigeze ahanwa.

Kurinda inganda iwabo, gusahura hanze, n’abavandimwe babiri bayoboraga urugamba rwo guhagarika impinduramatwara.

Buri gihugu gikize cyazamutse kirinda inganda zacyo, hanyuma gisaba ko abandi bose bakingura amarembo. Igihe ibihugu byavaga mu bukoloni byageragezaga kugumana umutungo wabyo, igisubizo nticyari impaka, ahubwo cyari Mosaddegh mu 1953, Árbenz mu 1954, Lumumba mu 1961. Kurwanya ubukomunisiti byari amagambo; urwego rw’ibyiciro by’abantu ni rwo rwari intego, kandi kubaho k’ubukomunisiti ni yo mpamvu nyamukuru yatumye ubwiganze bw’abazungu bweruye bugomba gushyirwa ku ruhande.

Iburyo bwa gikirisitu ntibwahagurutse kubera gukuramo inda. Bwahagurutse kubera amashuri y’ivangura, hanyuma bujya gushaka ibendera.

Ababiteguye ubwabo ni ko babivuze: icyahagurukije abevanjeliki b’abazungu mu myaka ya 1970 ni uko ikigo cy’imisoro cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe cyateraga intambwe yo kwambura amashuri y’ivangura uburenganzira bwo gusonerwa imisoro. Gukuramo inda byatoranyijwe nyuma, kubera ko byakoraga. Inyuma yabyo hari sisitemu y’imperuka yo mu kinyejana cya cumi n’icyenda (inyigisho za Darby), yari yarafatanye mu myaka ya 1980 n’umuryango muto w’urusengero muri Isiraheli, bibyara Zionisime ya gikirisitu itagira ibisabwa.

Amerika ikomeza guhitamo ubusa aho guhitamo ikintu yagomba gusangira n’abandi.

Igihe kuvangwa kwageraga, imigi yafukikije ibidendezi byayo rusange byo koga aho kubisangira. Ntabwo ari umugani; byarabaye, kenshi, kandi ni rwo rugero rukurikizwa. Intambara yo kurwanya ibiyobyabwenge, amafaranga y’ishuri, sisitemu y’ubuvuzi ibura, imiterere ya Leta y’imibereho myiza: buri kimwe cyajyagaho impaka mu magambo adaheza amoko, buri kimwe cyakurikiraga umurongo w’ibara, kandi politiki y’ububanyi n’amahanga y’intambara z’umusaraba yatangiye kuri George W. Bush yavomaga muri iyo mitekerereze imwe.

Ba nyir’imari y’ibicanwa biva mu kuzimu bari babizi. Inyigisho zabo z’imperuka ni ibihimbano bya siyansi, kandi mesiya wabo acuruza imodoka.

Abahanga ba Exxon ubwabo babaruye ubushyuhe bw’isi neza mu mpera z’imyaka ya 1970, nyamara sosiyete itera inkunga abahakana. Uruhare mu byuka byoherezwa mu kirere rurangwa n’ubusumbane nk’ibindi byose muri iyi nkuru y’amateka. Ubuhungiro bwasezeranyijwe (Mars) ntibushoboka mu buryo bw’umubiri: imirasire, imiti ya perchlorate, na 0.38 g nta kimenyetso dufite ko inda ishobora kubaho muri yo. Ubu ni ubwoko bwa kera bw’isezerano, kandi burimo gukora akazi ka kera.

Siyansi igihe siyansi iheza; ubwenge busanzwe igihe siyansi yemera. Igipimo kirahinduka; guheza ni ko kudahinduka.

Mu 1922 Urukiko rw’Ikirenga rwabwiye Takao Ozawa ko "umuzungu" bisobanura Caucasian, ukuri kwa siyansi. Nyuma y’amezi atatu rwabwiye Bhagat Singh Thind, uwo siyansi yashyiraga mu ba Caucasian, ko "umuzungu" bisobanura icyo umuntu usanzwe yumva. Ubuzungu si ibisobanuro ahubwo ni ubunyamuryango, bwanditswe mu itegeko rya Virginia mu 1691, bwongera kuganirwaho ku Banyairilande, Abataliyani n’Abayahudi, buhindurwa "kutabona amabara" nyuma ya 1965, none ubu bukoresha verisiyo y’ubwoba bw’imibare y’abaturage, amatangazo yayo akaba afite umubare w’abishwe.

Umugambi mubisha ushobora gufatwa. Icyo inyandiko zigaragaza kirarushaho kuba kibi: imiterere ikora nta wo ifite.

Ibinyejana bitanu by’imyitwarire isa n’aho ihuzwa, kandi nta komite n’imwe ihari: iyi nkuru y’amateka irahagarara igasobanura impamvu. Uburere buhuriweho n’inyungu zihurira hamwe bibyara ubufatanye nta muhuzabikorwa; amashuri y’ibikomerezwa yeza umurage ukitwa ubushobozi; ubwiganze bushyiraho imyumvire y’abategetsi nk’ubwenge busanzwe; kandi kwishuka bituma abakora babikora babyemera, kuko umunyabinyoma mwiza abyemera we ubwe. Ibimenyetso bifatika ni inyandiko za rubanda, imigambi mibisha nyayo imeneka mu myaka mike, kandi igitekerezo cy’umugambi mubisha ubwacyo, gifite umugome wacyo uhora ari Umuyahudi, ni kimwe mu byuma by’ikirwanisho by’iyo miterere ubwayo.

Ingoma ya Nyiginya, ibyiciro byayo by’imibanire, n’ibyo yari yo koko mbere y’uko Uburayi bushushanya bundi.

Ingoma ifite ubutegetsi bw’uburengerane, ishingiye ku matungo, ubuhinzi n’imikoranire y’ubuhake, n’uburyo bw’ubushakashatsi bwitondewe cyane bw’ibyo amagambo ngo "Hutu", "Tutsi" na "Twa" yashakaga kuvuga mbere y’uko ubuyobozi bw’abakoloni bubishyira mu byiciro bishingiye ku moko.

Igicucu cya Speke, ubuyobozi bw’Abadage, n’ibyiciro bya mbere byanditswe.

Uburayi bwaje mu Rwanda bwikoreye igitekerezo. Igitekerezo cy’abahamite (kivuga ko urwego urwo ari rwo rwose rw’Abanyafurika rugoye rugomba kuba rwarashinzwe n’ubwoko bwo hanze bufite uruhu rworoshye) cyari mu mizigo mbere y’uko von Götzen yambuka umupaka mu 1894. Ubuyobozi buto bw’Abadage n’Abapadiri Bera nyuma bategekeye mu ibwami, bandika icyo gitekerezo mu bushakashatsi bwabo ku moko, bubaka amashuri yari kuzasubira kucyigisha.

Indangamuntu yo mu 1933, Musenyeri Perraudin, na Kiliziya yahinduye uruhande itahinduye uburyo.

Ububiligi bwakoze ibyo Ubudage bwari bwarateguye gusa: bwahuje ubutware butatu mu bumwe, bupima amazuru, maze mu 1933 bwandika "Hutu" na "Tutsi" ku ndangamuntu, buhindura icyiciro cy’imibanire ubwoko butangwa na Leta. Nyuma y’imyaka makumyabiri n’itandatu, bukoresheje ikibonezamvugo kimwe cy’amoko n’ubufasha bugaragara bw’abayobozi ba Kiliziya Gatolika bayobowe na Musenyeri Perraudin, bwahinduye ubwoko bushyigikiye. Itotezwa ryo mu 1959 n’ubuhungiro bwakurikiyeho ni byo byavuyemo.

Kimwe mu bihugu bya gatolika kurusha ibindi ku isi, n’abihayimana mu bicanyi. Uko byagenze, n’uwabihaye intwaro.

U Rwanda mu 1994 rwari rufite hafi 90 ku ijana by’abakirisitu, benshi muri bo bakaba abagatolika, hakaba na arikiyepiskopi wari mu kanama gakuru k’ishyaka riri ku butegetsi. Insengero zahindutse ahantu hanini h’ubwicanyi mu gihugu. Ubufaransa bwahaye intwaro, butoza kandi bukingira mu rwego rwa dipolomasi ubutegetsi bwateguye jenoside, kandi iperereza rya Leta yabwo ubwayo ryabyemeje ubu. Kunanirwa kw’isi yo hanze gutabara ntibyari ukwibagirwa; byari icyemezo, kandi ishingiro ryacyo ryari irishingiye ku moko.

Ingabo z’impunzi zitagira Leta, zitagira ubuhungiro bw’umupaka bukwiye iryo zina, kandi zitagira inshuti, zihanganye na Leta ishyigikiwe n’Ubufaransa.

Umuryango FPR-Inkotanyi watangiye ari ukwishyira hamwe mu rwego rwa politiki kw’igisekuru cyavukiye mu buhungiro kubera ko isi yari yaremeye ko kubura ubwenegihugu kwabo ari ibisanzwe. Watakaje umugaba wawo mu minsi ya mbere y’intambara yo mu 1990, wongera kwitunganya mu Birunga uyobowe na Paul Kagame, urwana n’ingabo zahabwaga ibikoresho n’Ubufaransa kugeza ku masezerano y’imishyikirano, hanyuma, jenoside itangiye, urayihagarika ku ngufu mu gihe Akanama k’Umutekano ka Loni kakuraga ingabo zako.

Aho abayiteguye bagiye, ababarinze, n’icyo abajenosideri bari mu mahanga bakora ubu.

Opération Turquoise yaherekeje Leta y’abajenosideri yatsinzwe ijya muri Zayire, aho ingabo zayo n’interahamwe zongeye kwiyubaka mu nkambi zagaburirwaga na Loni, zigatera ibitero byambuka umupaka. Abapadiri bakekwaho uruhare mu bwicanyi bimuriwe bucece muri za paruwasi z’i Burayi. Abakekwaho ibyaha babaye ku mugaragaro i Paris n’i Bruxelles imyaka mirongo. Umushinga wa politiki wo mu 1994 ntiwapfuye; wimukiye mu mahanga, wiga amagambo y’uburenganzira bwa muntu, none ubu urwanya u Rwanda mu nkiko no mu matangazo agenewe abanyamakuru.

Icyo inyandiko z’amajyambere zigaragaza, icyo kunengwa kugizwe, n’uko wabitandukanya.

Leta yasenyutse mu 1994 ubu ifite ubwishingizi bw’ubuvuzi bugera hafi kuri bose, kimwe mu bipimo biri hejuru ku isi by’abagore mu nteko ishinga amategeko, n’icyizere cyo kubaho cyazamutseho imyaka irenga mirongo itatu. Kandi nanone itegekwa ikomeye, kandi hari kunengwa nyako, gufite ibimenyetso (harimo no mu burasirazuba bwa Kongo) uko iyi nkuru y’amateka itirengagiza. Icyo yihambiraho ni uko hakoreshwa ibipimo bibiri: imyitwarire imwe isobanurwa ukundi bitewe n’uyikora, kandi inkuru y’intsinzi y’Abanyafurika ntiyihanganirwa na gato n’urwego rw’ibyiciro rusaba ko Afurika inanirwa.

U Rwanda ruracyari kimwe mu bihugu bya gikirisitu kurusha ibindi ku isi. Iki gice gishyira umurage ubwawo imbere y’urukiko, kugira ngo kuwugumana cyangwa kuwureka bibe amahitamo.

Urwego rwazanye igitekerezo cy’abahamite mu Rwanda, rugaha umugisha indangamuntu, rugahindura uruhande mu 1959, rukagira n’abihayimana mu bicanyi bo mu 1994, ruracyabatiza abana b’abarokotse: igihugu kiracyafite abakirisitu barenga mirongo cyenda ku ijana. Iyi nkuru y’amateka yamaze ibice mirongo itatu isesengura ubukungu n’ubuhanga bwo gutegeka Uburayi bwohereje hanze; ifitiye tewolojiya umwenda w’isesengura rimwe. Dore rero urubanza rwuzuye rwa filozofiya ruburana n’ubukirisitu (ikibazo cy’ikibi, ukwihisha kw’Imana, uko ukwemera gukwirakwira hakurikijwe aho umuntu yavukiye, icyaha cyarazwe, umuriro utazima, guceceka ku bucakara), ruvuzwe ku buryo Umunyarwanda ashobora gupima ukwemera nk’impaka aho kukumira nk’umurage.

Ishusho igaruka itera impungenge: uterwa n’abandi, uwo bumvikana na we, n’icyahindutse hagati aho.

Iraki yashyize intwaro hasi maze iterwa. Libiya yeguriye gahunda yayo, umukuru wayo w’igihugu yicirwa mu mwobo. Ukraine yaretse ibirwanisho byari ku butaka bwayo ihabwa ingwate zanditse. Koreya ya Ruguru yagumanye intwaro zayo none baganira na yo. Iki gice gishyira ahagaragara inyandiko mu kuri (harimo n’impaka zivuguruza uwo mwanzuro, zikaba zikomeye) kikabaza icyo Leta nto igomba kubyigiraho.

Impamvu iyi nkuru y’amateka itegura ibihe by’ibibazo bikurikirana ahagana mu 2040–2050 (mbere cyane y’uko ingaruka mbi kurusha izindi z’ikibazo cy’ikirere zigera), kandi igategura ko nta wuzaza gutabara.

Imyaka mirongo itatu y’inama mpuzamahanga z’ikirere nta murongo n’umwe ufite akamaro yahinduye, kandi igitekerezo fatizo cy’ukuri mu gutegura ni uko nta n’imwe izawuhindura. Ariko sisitemu ntizapfa uko imbonerahamwe zipfa. Izapfa uko sisitemu zo muri iyi nkuru y’amateka zamye zipfa: mu rwego rwa politiki, urw’imari, no ku mipaka, imyaka mirongo mbere y’uko ibibi bifatika kurusha ibindi bigera. Iki gice kivuga icyo gitekerezo fatizo mu buryo busobanutse, gitanga ibimenyetso by’igihe cya 2040–2050, kandi kikavuga izina ry’akaga ibindi bice by’iyi nkuru byari bimaze gutegura umusomyi kumenya: ko ubukungu bukuru buri mu kaga k’umutungo butizirika umukanda bwabwo. Bugaruka gufata uw’abandi.

Iteganyabihe ry’u Rwanda n’akarere k’Ibiyaga Bigari, risomwe nta guhakana kandi nta gukina ikinamico.

U Rwanda hafi nta cyo rwakoze mu gutera iki kibazo, kandi hafi nta na kimwe kizarurenga. Iteganyabihe ry’akarere rirasobanutse: imvura ikaze mu bihe bigufi ku misozi ihanamye kandi yuzuye amazi; ibihe by’amapfa birebire hagati yazo; malariya izamuka ku butumburuke igera mu misozi miremire itagira ubudahangarwa bwamenyerewe; imikandara y’ikawa n’icyayi yimukira hejuru ku misozi ikava ku ikarita; no mu karere hose, kwimuka kw’abantu gutewe n’amapfa ku rugero Ibiyaga Bigari bitigeze byakira mu gihe cy’amahoro. Iki gice gishyira ahagaragara ibyo za moderi zemeranywaho, ibyo zitemeranywaho, n’ibyago mu byavuzwe bifite mu by’ukuri isano n’amazi, ubutaka, n’abaturanyi.

Kwihaza mu biribwa, amazi n’ingufu ku gihugu gituwe cyane kurusha ibindi ku mugabane wa Afurika.

Igihugu gitumiza hanze ingano zacyo, lisansi yacyo, ifumbire yacyo, n’imiti yacyo myinshi ni igihugu gishobora kwicishwa inzara n’igiciro, igoswa, cyangwa intambara ya kure; nta gitero gikenewe. Iki gice gikora imibare itari iy’icyubahiro y’ukwihaza kw’u Rwanda: icyo abantu miliyoni 13 bagana kuri miliyoni 23 bashobora guhinga ku misozi y’amaterasi ku rugo rufite mu mpuzandengo kimwe cya kabiri cya hegitari; icyo metani ishonze mu kiyaga cya Kivu, imigezi, n’izuba bishobora gutanga; icyo kubika amazi ku misozi igihumbi bisaba koko; n’ibyo igihugu gishingiraho ku mahanga bishobora kuvaho bitarenze 2040 n’ibishobora gusa guhabwa inkomoko nyinshi.

Inganda igihugu gito kigomba gutunga rwose mbere y’uko isi ikigurisha ibintu ireka gufata telefoni.

Buri ngoma y’igihangange muri iyi nkuru y’amateka yagumishije abakoloni bayo mu mwanya w’abatanga ibikoresho fatizo n’abaguzi baboshywe b’ibicuruzwa byarangije gukorwa, kandi imiterere y’ubucuruzi y’iki gihe ikora ako kazi kamwe mu buryo buranga ikinyabupfura kurushaho. U Rwanda rwamaze kugerageza icyo bivamo iyo rugerageje kuva muri uwo mwanya: igihe Kigali yazamuraga imisoro ku myenda yakoreshejwe yari ihotora inganda zarwo z’imyenda, Washington yahagaritse inyungu z’ubucuruzi zarwo. Iki gice gishushanya inganda zifite akamaro ku kubaho aho kugira icyubahiro: imiti, ifumbire, sima, ibikoresho, ibikoresho byo kuhira, ibyuma bisimbura, n’ubushobozi bwo gusana byose, n’icyo amateka y’uruganda rwa BioNTech, Made in Rwanda, n’isoko ry’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba bivuga ku ntera ukororera-mu-rugo gushobora kugera bitarenze 2040.